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b
Communication Tools and Techniques: The student conducts
formal written correspondence with an organization beyond the school;
that is, the student:
- expresses the information or request clearly
for the
purpose and audience;
- writes in a style appropriate to the purpose
and
audience of the correspondence.
The Outside
Agencies and Organizations Team wrote to a number of agencies to
gather advice on how to open their store. The letters requested
information clearly and were written in a style appropriate for
the purpose and audience.
b
Information Tools and Techniques: The student
uses information technology to assist in gathering, analyzing, organizing,
and presenting information; that is, the student:
- acquires information for specific purposes from
on-line sources, such as the Internet, and other electronic data
bases, such as a scientific data base on CD ROM;
- uses word-processing, graphics, data base, and
spreadsheet programs to produce project reports and related materials.
The students used computer technology in gathering and organizing
information. This included accessing the Internet to locate wholesale
vendors.
 
The students use of word processing and graphics software
was evident in their computer generated letters, flyers, and posters
(see also ). |

c
Communication Tools and Techniques: The student publishes
information using several methods and formats, such as overhead
transparencies, handouts, and computer generated graphs and charts;
that is, the student:
- organizes the information into an appropriate form for use in
the publication;
- checks the information for accuracy;
- formats the published material so that it achieves its purpose.
The Advertising
Team learned how to use a computer graphics program which enabled
them to design and publish posters and brochures advertising the
store. (See also lP and lQ .) The information was organized appropriately
for advertising materials of this kind. The students also took the
additional step of translating the posters into Spanish, Chinese,
and Korean.
a
Information Tools and Techniques: The student gathers information
to assist in completing project work; that is, the student:
- identifies potential sources of information to assist in completing
the project;
- uses appropriate techniques to collect the information, e.g.,
considers sampling issues in conducting a survey;
- interprets and analyzes the information;
- evaluates the information for completeness and relevance;
- shows evidence of research in the completed project.
The Advertising
Team conducted a survey in order to ascertain the success of their
advertisements. They analyzed the results and used the information
to adjust their advertising campaign. The results of the research
are evident in the finished product. The information they gathered
enabled the students to make informed choices during the planning
stage and when ordering items for the store.
Having asked
the students where they shopped for their school supplies, the Comparison
Shopping Team visited the stores and priced the most commonly requested
items. They then published their findings on a spreadsheet.
a
Problem Solving: The student designs and creates a product,
service, or system to meet an identified need; that is, the student:
- develops a range of ideas for design of the product, service,
or system;
- selects one design option to pursue and justifies the choice
with reference, for example, to functional, aesthetic, social,
economic, or environmental considerations;
- establishes criteria for judging the success of the design;
- uses appropriate conventions to represent the design;
- plans and carries out the steps needed to create the product,
service, or system;
- makes adjustments as needed to conform with specified standards
or regulations regarding quality and safety;
- evaluates the quality of the design in terms of the criteria
for success and by comparison with similar products, services,
or systems.
The range
of variations for a school store is fairly limited but the students
did find models in other middle schools to study for design options.
The students took a trip to one of these school stores and developed
a series of questions to guide their visit. This document records
the questions the students developed to guide their study of a store
operated at another school. The questions reflect the issues the
students had identified for the design of their own store.
a
Learning and Self-management Tools and Techniques: The student
learns from models; that is, the student:
- consults with or observes other students and adults at work,
and identifies the main features of what they do and the way they
go about their work;
- identifies models for the results of project work, such as professionally
produced publications, and analyzes their qualities;
- uses what he or she learns from models to assist in planning
and conducting project activities.

The students learned by studying a model when they visited an operating
school store at another school. They observed the operation of the
store and consulted with the students who operated it. Afterwards,
the students who went on the trip reported their findings to the
class.
This record
of a team leaders meeting records what the students learned
from the model in planning their own store. This included determining
the layout of their store and choosing vendors from the list they
acquired during the visit.
a
Communication Tools and Techniques: The student makes an
oral presentation of project plans or findings to an audience beyond
the school; that is, the student:
- organizes the presentation in a logical way appropriate to its
purpose;
- adjusts the style of presentation to suit its purpose and audience;
- speaks clearly and presents confidently;
- responds appropriately to questions from the audience;
- evaluates the effectiveness of the presentation.
 
The students made an oral presentation to the PTA in order to secure
funds to place their first order. During their preparation, the
students developed a number of rubrics to assess the presentation
and its appropriateness for the audience and the purpose. They listened
to a number of students give the presentation and picked the one
that they considered most successful based on their criteria.
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c
Communication Tools and Techniques: The student publishes
information using several methods and formats, such as overhead
transparencies, handouts, and computer generated graphs and charts;
that is, the student:
- organizes the information into an appropriate form for use in
the publication;
- checks the information for accuracy;
- formats the published material so that it achieves its purpose.
The students
published materials including a newsletter to parents to make them
aware of the opening of the store.
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a
Problem Solving: The student designs and creates a product,
service, or system to meet an identified need; that is, the student:
- develops a range of ideas for design of the product, service,
or system;
- selects one design option to pursue and justifies the choice
with reference, for example, to functional, aesthetic, social,
economic, or environmental considerations;
- establishes criteria for judging the success of the design;
- uses appropriate conventions to represent the design;
- plans and carries out the steps needed to create the product,
service, or system;
- makes adjustments as needed to conform with specified standards
or regulations regarding quality and safety;
- evaluates the quality of the design in terms of the criteria
for success and by comparison with similar products, services,
or systems.
In the
course of establishing the store, the students made a number of
adjustments as needed to conform with specified standards or regulations
regarding quality and safety. For example, after the first days
business, the team members met to discuss the successes and problems.
These minutes record the issues raised and the resolutions reached.
The team
leaders continued to met regularly after the store opened for business.
The minutes show evidence of continuing adjustments. They also reflect
the students ability to analyze problems and propose solutions,
e.g., finding a new location for the store when the original site
turned out to be unsuitable.
In addition, the students had to problem-solve why some products
were not selling well and figure out a solution to this problem.
They managed this successfully by deciding to put together complete
school supply packages to sell at the beginning of the next school
year.
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b
Learning and Self-management Tools and Techniques: The student
develops and maintains a schedule of work activities; that is, the
student:
- establishes a schedule of work activities that reflects priorities
and deadlines;
- seeks advice on the management of conflicting priorities and
deadlines;
- updates the schedule regularly.
The students developed a Staff Work Schedule which listed
who should be working in the store, at what time, and what they
should be doing. During the first team leaders meeting after the
first day of business, the team leaders decided that the roles for
working in the store had to be more clearly defined so as to alleviate
confusion.
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c
Communication Tools and Techniques: The student publishes
information using several methods and formats, such as overhead
transparencies, handouts, and computer generated graphs and charts;
that is, the student:
- organizes the information into an appropriate
form for use in the publication;
- checks the information for accuracy;
- formats the published material so that it achieves
its purpose.
This price
list is evidence of the students use of a different publishing
format to suit a different purpose. This publication is designed
to inform customers. Again, it uses a poster format but in this
case the information is presented in an inviting way, with graphics
to highlight several of the store' s products.
The students published materials in several forms including posters
that set out:
a list of procedures for operating the store; and
a list of
the responsibilities of each student working in the store.
These posters are consistent with the kinds of publications used
to provide instructions. The information is organized well to suit
its purpose. The procedures are set out in an appropriate sequence
and are expressed clearly and succinctly. The various responsibilities
of students working in the store are clearly distinguished, comprehensive,
and expressed in an appropriately strict manner. |
b
Tools and Techniques for Working With Others: The student
coaches or tutors; that is, the student:
- assists one or more others to learn on the
job;
- analyzes coaching or tutoring experience to
identify more and less effective ways of providing assistance
to support on-the-job learning;
- uses the analysis to inform subsequent coaching
or tutoring activities.

The students responded to a request from one of the schools
special education teachers to involve special education students
in the running of the store. Using a buddy system, each student
in the class worked alongside a student studying in the special
education unit, providing instructions on his or her responsibilities
and the stores operating procedures.
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a
Tools and Techniques for Working With Others: The student
takes responsibility for a component of a team project; that is,
the student:
- reaches agreement with team members on what work needs to
be done to complete the task and how the work will be tackled;
- takes specific responsibility for a component of the project;
- takes all steps necessary to ensure appropriate completion
of the specific component of the project within the agreed upon
time frame.
 
The students self-evaluations reflect their experience as
members of a team. Many of them refer to how Splitting the
work made it easier and faster to get things done. Another
student said, We learned to work together and support each
other. We learned to accept the blame with our fellow teammates.
We also learned to take equal shares of the work.
These evaluations also reflect the students pride in their
accomplishment and heightened sense of responsibility and purpose.
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